321 principle fixture design pdf

Various types of fixtures like drilling fixtures, milling fixtures, and welding fixtures are used in industry. Apr 03, 2019 design and fabrication of combination fixture for reducing production time in pump manufacturing d. Fixtures are custom workholding devices used in many manufacturing operations to secure, support, and locate a workpiece. The secondary locks another 2 degrees of freedom, 1 translation and one rotation. The new fixture design reduces cycle time and operator labor while increasing functionality. Boring fixture may have characteristics of a drill jig or a mill fixture. Fixture design basics 201 fixture design basics describes the components and purposes of fixtures and the fundamental concepts related to creating efficient fixtures. It is essential to find out deformation of workpiece under various loads is. Locating the workpiece is the first basic function of a jig or fixture. Sep 15, 2015 the jig and fixture design follows the manual,pneumatic, hydraulic, servo sequentially preferred principles. In addition to a hardcopy fixture design manual, a procedural cdromwebpage for fixture design principles for manufacturing of. The 321 principle of jig fixture design learn the basic concepts.

Pdf in machining fixtures, minimizing workpiece deformation due to. Formed serialization and standardization within the. Provide a support at one point of the adjacent surface yz that will fix other remaining free movements. Explain the 321 principle of location, mechanical engineering. The optimum fixture layout deformation at initial load step is 0. Here are eight basic design principles to keep in mind when creating great looking graphics. Feb 04, 2018 i am uploading a series of lectures on design of work holding fixtures. With this method, six individual locators reference.

This is achieved by providing six locating points, 3 pins in base plate, 2 pins in vertical plane and 1 pin in a plane which is perpendicular to first two planes. The simplest type of milling fixture is a milling vise mounted on the machine table. However, as the work piece size, shape, or complexity becomes more sophisticated, so too must the fixture. This article will explain about 321 principle of jig fixture design. Design, development and analysis of hydraulic fixture for. Introduction a fixture is a device for locating, holding and supporting a workpiece during a manufacturing operation. For a machining work, like drilling a through hole of given. The mostcommon way to locate a workpiece from its external profile is the 321, or sixpoint, locational method. Provides a full understanding of the design and application of fixture tools and checking fixtures, welding fixtures and procedures, threedimensional space in checking compound warped surfaces, measurement systems, and the simple mathematics required. Fixtures are essential elements of production processes as they are required in most of the automated manufacturing, inspection, and assembly operations. In 321 principle, the primary usually a plane locks 3 degree of freedom, 2 rotations and 1 translation respectively. In his research 321 locating principle was used and clamping force has been optimized. Room reflectance the room is considered to consist of three main surfaces.

Jig is a fixture with an additional feature of tool guidance. Society cares about the way things look, and there is a constant need to produce highquality design. A fixture is a device used to fix constrain all degrees of freedom a workpiece in a given coordinate system relative to the cutting tool. Overview written for the experienced engineer as well as the student, this comprehensive reference presents the fundamental aspects of jig and fixture design in a readable manner. The 321 method is the fundamental principle for all types of fixture design. A fixture is a special workholding device that holds work during machining or assembly operations and establishes size dimensions general purpose clamps and chucks are not fixtures or jigs. Design supplementary planning document spd design principles 4a. Site has informationeducation resources on a broad range of topics, including asthma, birth defects, radiation, sanitation, lead in blood, and more.

Universal design principles universal design is the design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need of adaptation or specialized design. Design principle of jig and fixture linkedin slideshare. Form follows function is a principle associated with modern architecture and industrial design in the 20th century. Universal design is relevant to a wide range of design disciplines including the design of environments, products and communications. Rigidity jigs and fixtures should be sufficiently stiff to secure the preset accuracy of machining. A vasudevan 3 1,2,3 department of mechanical engineering, easa college of engineering and technology, coimbatore 641105, tamil nadu, india.

The 321 principle one of the methods how the parts degree of freedoms are arrested. Protection against injury a major provision for safe housing construction is developing and implementing building codes. Environmental protection agency off iice of water program ti operons a office of research and development municipal envi ronmental research laboratory. Formed serialization and standardization within the company product. Only one direction of each degree of freedom is located 4. Locating principles and devices cont to restrict the movement of the part around the zzaxis and in direction eight, two more pintype locators are positioned in a vertical plane. Fixtures are created through combining fixture bodies, supports, locators, and clamps. Among those geometry a broad, very short hollow casmethod 321 principle and it is very useful for the complex fixture design though. These include a commitment to achieving a high quality development. Many dedicated fixtures for prismatic parts are designed using the 321 locating principle. Design and fabrication of combination fixture for reducing.

How is the 321 location principle used for designing of. An automated fixture design system requires an intelligent feature recognizer, a sophisticated design system, a good knowledgerepresentation scheme, and sound interfacing of these modules. These factors are analysed to get design inputs for jigs and fixtures. Design and fabrication of lathe fixture for brake drum cargo. Nceh provides leadership to promote health and quality of life by preventing or controlling those diseases, birth defects, or disabilities resulting from interaction between people and the environment. A fixture is a work holding device which holds and positions the workplace, but does not guide or locate. In 321 principle, the primary usually a plane locks 3 degree of freedom, 2 rotati. In the case of hydraulic or pneumatic fixtures, inherent design advantages can dramatically improve productivity and, hence, reduce perunit costs even further, even though the initial cost to construct these fixtures is the most expensive of all fixture alternatives.

It is essential to find out deformation of workpiece under various loads is a challenging task. Using this, a formal generalization of the concepts and methodologies of fixture design for tinker will be developed. This research work is continued by other researchers and suggested that fixture stiffness can be increased by adding more fixture locators and varying the scheme. A fundamental concern in metalworking is locating the part to be machined, punched, bent, or stamped relative to the work platform fixture. Harmony in a design refers to the use of similar or consistent elements, for example, white font being used in conjunction with a photo of a humpback whale, which has splashes of white on its tail. Fixture designplanning in practice 2 the 3 in 321 refers to 3 locators passive fixture elements on the primary locatingdatum. Participants will be introduced on various types of jigs and fixtures design, performing engineering calculations and required tolerances analysis, inspection and testing process, and documenting the design for final fabrication process. For example, a cnc machine tool starts its process at a specific point relative to the fixture and proceeds from there.

The effective reflectances of the above three surfaces affect the quantity of reflected light received by the working plane. Fixture design plays an important role at the setup planning phase. The principle of location is being discussed here with the help of a most popular. According to the international code council one and twofamily dwelling code, the purpose of building codes is to provide minimum standards for the protection of life, limb, property, environment, and for the safety and welfare of the consumer, general public, and the. Day 1 the principle of tool design the objective of tool design. This principle of location of fixing points on the workpiece is also named as 321 principle of fixture design as number of points selected at different faces of the workpiece are 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The process of holding the position of the workpiece in the jig or fixture is called clamping. Fixture design basics describes the components and purposes of fixtures and the fundamental concepts related to creating efficient fixtures. By exploiting recent advances in cadcam and artificial intelligence techniques, one may constrain multiple solutions such that only good designs are considered. The concept design of checking fixtures for autobody parts is a highly complex process that requires a human designer to draw from his rich experience. Determining the positions of the elements for the 321 principle of. Hence, a stepbystep procedure for jig and fixture design will be developed. The principle is that the shape of a building or object should be primarily based upon its intended function or purpose. Henriksen, jig and fixture design manual, industrial pres inc.

Learn how to use the 321 principle for designing of drilling and milling fixture. Except toggle clamp, no other option is available to hold cylindrical object, hence special type of fixture is design for this case, which can be used for machining of hydraulic lift housing, fixture reduces operation time, increases productivity, and best quality of operation is possible. The jig and fixture are tools used for holding the work piece in a correct location for mass production. I am uploading a series of lectures on design of work holding fixtures. The first stage represents the knowledge of the objects like part geometry, machining process, functional and detailed fixture design, and fixture resources. The 321 locator principle li and melkote 2001 is used in fixture design, as it provides the maximum rigidity with the minimum number of fixture elements. February 26, 2008 29 milling fixtures the design should permit as many surfaces of the part to be machined as. Hendriksen jig and fixture design manual industrial press inc. Proper fixture design is crucial for developing product quality in different terms of accuracy, surface finish and precision of the machined part.

The 321 principle of jig fixture design learn the basic. Phase i 2 actual practical development at tinker will be drawn. This book is suitable to the engineering students of b. Design and fabrication of combination fixture for reducing production time in pump manufacturing. Unit 4 design of fixture design of fixture structure 4.

International journal of engineering research and general. Flexible fixture automotive part passive pinarray fixed jaw mobile jaw pins workpiece. An automated fixturedesign system requires an intelligent feature recognizer, a sophisticated design system, a good knowledgerepresentation scheme, and sound interfacing of these modules. Specific constraints for each shop will again be identified. Concept design of checking fixture for autobody parts. Purposes of jigs and fixtures and their design principles nptel.

The 3 in 321 refers to 3 locators passive fixture elements on the primary locatingdatum surface. A work piece can be positively located by means of 6 pins so positioned that collectively they restrict the work piece in nine of its degree of freedom. Pdf development of cad software for jig and fixture for. Once located, the workpiece must also be held to prevent movement during the operational cycle.